SINTESIS ESTER SELULOSA ALAMI BERBASIS MINYAK ESENSIAL ALDEHID TAKJENUH-α,β
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15294/pemanfaatansdaindonesia.v0i0.7Keywords:
aldehid, injection molding, plastik, selulosaAbstract
Bioplastik berbasis selulosa memiliki potensi besar karena bersifat termoplastik, biodegradable dan memiliki sifat mekanik yang baik. Untuk memutuskan ketergantungan terhadap minyak bumi, diperlukan upaya untuk mengembangkan metode baru dalam memproduksi material polimer termoplastik yang berbasis karbon netral. Modifikasi selulosa dengan menggunakan substituen rantai hidrokarbon panjang dari minyak nabati dapat meningkatkan sifat termoplastik sehingga memungkinkan untuk diproses menggunakan teknik injection molding menjadi bioplastik. Salah satu metode modifikasi selulosa yang dikembangkan adalah melalui reaksi esterifikasi oksidatif menggunakan bahan alami dari minyak esensial golongan aldehid tak jenuh-α,ß dalam cairan ionik. Cairan ionik berperan untuk melarutkan selulosa sekaligus sebagai katalis dalam reaksi esterifikasi oksidatif selulosa. Penggunaan cairan ionik yaitu 1-etil-3-methylimidazolium 2-pyridinolat merupakan pendekatan yang ramah lingkungan untuk memecahkan masalah akibat kontaminasi struktur produk polimer yang disebabkan oleh efek dari anion pada cairan ionik. Reaksi esterifikasi oksidatif yang teroptimasi dapat digunakan sebagai metode yang handal untuk mensintesis berbagai ester selulosa dengan menggunakan berbagai variasi minyak alami. Reaksi sintesis ester selulosa dengan metode ini juga memiliki atom ekonomi yang tinggi dan ramah lingkungan dimana tidak digunakan katalis luar dan senyawa pengaktif lainnya.
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