KARBON AKTIF BERBASIS ECENG GONDOK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15294/.v0i0.18Keywords:
brilliant blue, eceng gondok, isotherm, karbon aktifAbstract
Limbah zat warna sintetis yang dihasilkan dari industri batik, tekstil, tinta dan cat memberikan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan perairan karena bersifat toksik, mutagenik, karsinogenik, dan sulit terdegradasi. Adsorpsi menggunakan karbon aktif berbasis limbah biomasa merupakan metode yang efektif dalam pengolahan limbah cair mengandung zat warna. Salah satu limbah biomassa yang dapat digunakan sebagai prekursor dalam sintesis karbon aktif adalah eceng gondok karena kandungan lignoselulosanya yang tinggi. Untuk menurunkan penggunaan energi dan memperbaiki karakteristik karbon aktif, proses aktivasi kimia dilakukan dengan bantuan gelombang mikro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivasi dengan NaOH menggunakan pemanasan gelombang mikro menghasilkan karbon aktif dengan ukuran pori yang lebih besar dan seragam (12,4-16,2 mm) daripada penggunaan pemanasan konvensional menggunakan tubular furnace yang pada umumnya digunakan pada sintesis karbon aktif (4,95-14 mm). Sementara, karbon tanpa aktivasi mempunyai ukuran pori 3,4-5,3 mm. Uji adsorpsi terhadap zat warna brilliant blue menunjukkan 92,3% zat warna dapat teradsorpsi pada pH 2. Dalam hal ini, kesetimbangan dicapai setelah 150 menit. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa model isotherm Langmuir lebih sesuai daripada model isotherm Freundlich dengan nilai kapasitas adsorpsi 140,55 mg/g.
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